Factors of Family Communication in Forming Children's Personality

Family communication that is established is very important in the child's personality. Therefore, the pattern of communication and interaction carried out by a family is very important. The formulation of the problem in this study is how a family communication can shape the child's personality. The purpose of this study is to read and analyze and find answers to problems in family communication in shaping the child's personality. This study uses family communication factor variables that have four dimensions, namely the source of communication, the message, the media, and the recipient. The approach in this study is a quantitative approach with descriptive research type with a sample of 34 people who are elementary school students. The data collection method used in this study is by distributing questionnaires to respondents, the results of which will be carried out by conducting a univariate analysis using a frequency distribution table. The results showed that there was something lacking in the family communication factor carried out by the families of elementary school students. This can be seen in the lowest value, namely messages with scientific indicators, while the communication that occurs face-to-face to his family is maximal. so that it can be concluded that in the factors of family communication there are those that have been established with the maximum and less than the maximum and this will affect in shaping the child's personality.


INTRODUCTION
Family is the most important primary group in society. Historically, families were formed at least from units that were limited organizations and had a minimum size, especially for the parties who initially entered into a bond (Triwardhani, 2020). A family is a small group that is very important in influencing the mindset and behavior of a child. In the family, children will be educated, cared for, and their social constructions are built. Communication is a tool to build a mindset (Satya et al., 2015). The patterns of communication and interaction that are carried out in the family have a big influence on the development and formation of personality in children. Parents' patterns in dealing with and solving problems are passed down to children through modeling (Satya et al., 2015). verbal forms. Communication in a family has 2 principles, effective communication, and ineffective communication. The effectiveness of family communication is meant by sending messages that are relatively clear so that they have an understanding of the same meaning of the message (Satya et al., 2015). Every action taken parents will have an influence on the formation of their children's character both in family and social environment in the future. Parents who really pay special attention to their children will form a personality that is positive about his son. On the other hand, parents who don't care or are very restraint, will form a negative personality towards the child (Habibah, S. U., Fathani, A. H., & Nursit, 2021). In a previous study, which was reviewed by Ardiati (2018), it was found that parents play a very important role in the child's personality. Every action taken by parents will have an influence on the formation of their children's character both in the family environment and socially in the future. Parents who really pay special attention to their children will form a positive personality towards their children. Conversely, parents who do not care or are very restrained, will form a negative personality towards the child. This article describes the importance of the role of parents in the personal development of early childhood (Lindayani, 2019). In addition, the research conducted by Siswanta (2017)which describes the values developed in the development of children's personality characters, describes the implementation of children's personality character development, strategies for developing children's personality characters, obstacles in the implementation of children's personality development in Islamic PAUD Integrated District of Magelang in 2015. Meanwhile, according to Chairilsyah (2012)personality development is basically individual, but in fact personality can actually be transmitted or affect other people. Aperson's personality is not an important factor in determining the attitude or behavior to be taken, because it is strongly influenced by many (Diyantini & Lismawati, 2015). Without serious attention and full love from both parents, especially, then of course in turn it will be difficult for the growth and development of a healthy and normal child's mental and mental health, which in the end is very influential. to the child's personality (Jamaluddin et al., 2019).
In a study conducted by Framanta (2020), it was stated that the personality of a child, for good or bad, personally and the child's soul, really depends on the family or both parents. Personality is a trait that is used as a distinctive characteristic of the behavior of others who are in, the way of speaking, the way of thinking. The research has similarities with the researcher, namely seeing the family will participate in determining the child's personality, what is different in this study is the variable used and in this study, the researcher also wants to provide the results of this study so that it can be seen by a family in order to improve their family communication. so that the child becomes a good personality.
According to Fitriani (2011), there are three factors that determine the development of a child's personality: innate factors, early experiences in the family, and later experiences. This pattern is closely related to physical and mental characteristics. These traits form the basis for the structure of personality patterns that are built through learning experiences. There is a difference between Fitriani's research and researchers, namely in this study, researchers used factors such as source of communication, the message, the media, and the recipient.
Based on the background and literature review above, the problem can be formulated as follows: how is the role of family communication in shaping the child's personality. As well as from the formulation of the problem, the purpose of writing is to analyze and find answers to problems in family communication in shaping the child's personality.

METHODS
The research method used in this research is a quantitative method with a descriptive approach (Putri et al., 2020). Descriptive is defined as research that intends to describe the data by analyzing the data obtained to get a clear picture of the method that emphasizes the objective measurement aspects of social phenomena, quantitative research is processed and analyzed with statistics (Morissan, 2014).
The type of research method used in this research is survey research, according to Morissan (2013) the survey method is a research method using a structured questionnaire given to a specific population sample of respondents. In the survey method, the process of collecting and analyzing social data is very structured and detailed through a questionnaire as the first instrument to obtain information from several respondents who are assumed to represent a specific population, where the data will be taken from a predetermined sample. Questionnaires were given to respondents who had met the criteria determined by the researcher using the google form.
Then the data is studied and conclusions are drawn from the relationships between the relevant variables in the research process carried out. The population in this study were elementary school students with a sample of 7-13 years old. The sampling technique in this study was simple random sampling. Simple random sampling technique is one type of probability sampling (Mulyana, 2009). Therefore, the number of samples in this study was determined using the Slovin formula to obtain 34 samples.
In this study, the authors will research on April 5 -8, 2021. This research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to respondents who had already determined the criteria. The author also only researches during that time and will not research at other times to compare. The descriptive method aims to describe situations and events. The descriptive method is looking for or examining the relationship between variables. Descriptive research studies problems in society and certain situations including relationships, activities, attitudes, views and ongoing processes, and the influence of a phenomenon. The purpose of descriptive research is to create descriptions, descriptions, or paintings in a systematic, factual, and accurate manner as well as the facts, characteristics, and relationships between the phenomena being investigated (Morissan, 2014).
Data analysis techniques used to analyze data such as explaining or describing data that have been combined in a makeshift manner without making general conclusions and in describing the data, this study uses a frequency distribution.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
We researched family communication patterns in shaping children's personalities to identify and analyze and find answers to problems in family communication on children's personalities. The following is a table of the results of each statement: Based on the table above, the average respondent answered agree that the father likes to ask questions about behavior. Based on the table above, the mean respondents answered agree that the mother told her about her experience. Based on the table above, the mean respondents answered agree that the father helps the child while doing the task Based on the table above, the mean respondents answered agree that the mother teaches attitudes and behavior Based on the table above, the mean respondents answered agree that the father gives a gift when the child achieves. Based on the table above, the mean respondents answered strongly agree that the mother praised when the child got good grades. Based on the table above, the mean respondents answered strongly agree that the father explained the importance of school. Based on the table above, the mean respondents answered agree that the mother told the news about a successful child. Based on the table above, the mean respondents answered agree that the father taught the importance of being polite at school. Based on the table above, the mean respondents answered agree that the mother is angry when the child disagrees with her friend. Based on the table above, the mean respondents answered strongly agree that the father spoke face-to-face. Based on the table above, the mean respondents answered agree that the mother explained that they behave well face to face Based on the table above, the mean respondents answered agree that the child understood the message that was conveyed by the father. Based on the table above, the mean respondents answered agree that the child listens to messages from the mother. Based on the table above, the mean respondents answered agree that the child is enthusiastic about learning Based on the table above, the mean respondents answered strongly agree that children apologize when they make mistakes.
The following is a table of mean per dimension: Based on the mean per dimension table above, it can be seen that the highest mean value is in the third dimension, namely media, and the lowest dimension is in the second dimension, namely messages.
The media dimension is the highest. According to the mean of the respondent's answer, the communication that occurs face-to-face to their family is maximal. Meanwhile, the message dimension gets the lowest mean value. The mean of respondents' answers tends to show that the communication that occurs does not contain an educational element.
The following is a table per indicator : Based on the table above, it can be seen that the highest mean on the five sensory indicators, and the lowest mean per indicator is in the science indicators. The table above is the result of 16 Statements, 8 indicators, 4 dimensions, and 34 respondents.
Based on the mean per-indicator diagram, it can be seen that the highest mean is in the indicator using the five senses which is the highest indicator, this shows that the respondent's family is maximal in conveying information using the five senses. While the lowest mean is at the lowest indicator of science, this shows that the respondent's family has not maximally conveyed science information.

CONCLUSION
Communication is an important thing in life, it is impossible not to communicate either intentionally or unintentionally. So communication that occurs in a family is not the same as communication in another family. Every family has its communication pattern. Communication within the family is very important because there is openness between parents and children.
This research consists of 4 dimensions, namely the source of communication, message, media, and recipient. The dimension with the highest score is owned by the media, with mean respondents strongly agree. This shows that the communication that occurs face-to-face with their family is maximal. This dimension has one indicator, namely the five senses. The first indicator, the five senses face to face. On this indicator, the mean respondents answered strongly agree because their families have maximally communicated through the media faceto-face. The lowest mean is in the science indicator, this shows that the respondent's family has not maximally conveyed science information.