The Uses of Honorifics by President Candidate in The Campaign News Text on National Newspapers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32585/ijelle.v2i2.910Abstract
The research aims to describe the types of linguistic tools for honorary excretion by presidential candidates in Indonesian newspaper news texts. The research method uses a qualitative approach. The data is in the form of direct sentence except from news texts that contain honorific expressions. Sources of data in the form of text national news about the presidential election campaign in the media Kompas, Media Indonesia, Republika, Sinar Harapan, and Sound Pembaharuan, published between January-March 2019. The collecting data is done by recording, clicking classify the linguistic tools used by taking fragments of sentence quotes. Data processing is done by identifying, sorting, verifying, interpretation of data, and concluded. The results of the study can be concluded that the types of linguistic tools for honorific expression in the speech of presidential candidates in Indonesian newspaper news texts include 13 types, namely: (a) self-name reference and self-name greeting, (b) self-name reference and self-name greeting as well, (c) greetings of kinship, (d) greetings of personal pronouns, (e) personal pronouns, (f) greetings of social position (social deixis), (g) position references/ranks / professions / social positions, (h) fatis, ( i) passive speech forms in-, (j) expressive modalities, (k) self-defeats, (l) euphemisms, and (m) relational modalities. The limitation of this research is that it still needs to be revealed the factors that influence honorifics, strategies that bring up honorifics, aspects of positive faces and negative faces. The study only focused on the type of use of honorific expressionsDownloads
References
Achmad, S. (2012). Strategi Kesopanan Berbahasa Masyarakat Bugis Pinrang Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Bahasa Dan Seni, 40(1), 1–13. Retrieved from http://journal2.um.ac.id/index.php/jbs/article/view/117/90
Adane, D. (2014). Social Deixis in Hadiyya. International Journal of Language and Linguistics, 2(5), 301–304. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijll.20140205.12
Agha, A. (1994). Honorification. Annu. Rev. Anthropol., 23, 277–302.
Ahmadi, Y. (2016). Analisis Modalitas Tuturan Basuki Cahaya Purnama dalam Wacana Kalijodo. Gramatika, 4(2), 69–77. https://doi.org/10.31813/gramatika/4.2.2016.59.69--77
Akbar, N. F. H., & Abbas, N. F. (2019). Negative Other-Representation in American Political Speeches. International Journal of English Linguistics, 9(2), 113. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v9n2p113
Al-Rawi, S. S., & Al-Assam, D. A. A. (2018). A Pragmatic Study of English Honorific Forms. Journal of the College of Languages, 38, 1–28.
Bednarek, M. (2009). Polyphony in Appraisal: Typological and Topological Perspectives. Linguistics and Human Sciences, 3(2), 107–136.
Bhattacharyya, P. R. (2015). Personal Pronouns in Assamese. International Journal of Multidisciplanary Research and Development, 2(10), 272–281.
Bodgan, R. ., & Biklen, S. K. (1982). Qualitative Research for Education: An Introduction to Theory and Methods. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, Inc.
Chang, T., Rasyid, Y., & Boeriswati, E. (2018). Similarities and Differences of Honorific Systems between Indonesian and Korean Languages. Indonesian Language Education and Literature, 3(2), 212–226. https://doi.org/10.24235/ileal.v3i2.2470
Ethelb, H. (2015). Using Address Terms in showing Politeness with Reference to Their Translation from Arabic into English. International Journal of Comparative Literature and Translation Studies, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijclts.v.3n.3p.27
Fukushima, S., & Iwata, Y. (1985). Politeness in English. Jalt, 17(1), 1–14.
Ghachem, I. (2014). A critical discourse analysis of self-presentation through the use of cognitive processes associated with we. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 5(3), 550–558. https://doi.org/10.4304/jltr.5.3.550-558
Harwood, N. (2007). Political Scientists on the Functions of Personal Pronouns in their Writing: An Interview-Based Study of “I” and “We.” Text and Talk, 27(1), 27–54. https://doi.org/10.1515/TEXT.2007.002
Hermaji, B. (2013). Tindak Tutur Penerimaan dan Penolakan dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Jurnal Cakrawala, 7, 1–10.
Ifansyah, N., & Aini, R. Q. (2019). Sistem Honorifik Bahasa Samawa dan Faktor yang Memengaruhi Pemakaiannya. Bahastra, XXXVIII(2), 106–112.
Irvine, J. T. (1970). Ideologies of Honorific Language. Pragmatics, 2(3), 251–262.
Karman, & Waluyo, D. (2018). Penggunaan Isu Demokrasi melalui Website oleh Kelompok Radikal dalam Melawan Pemerintah Indonesia. Jurnal Pekommas, 3(2), 157–168.
Khairi, R. I. (2013). Sistem Honorifik ing Desa Canan Kecamatan Wedi Kabupaten Klaten. Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta.
Krauße, D. (2018). Polite Vocabulary in the Javanese Language of Surabaya. Wacana, 19(1), 58–99. https://doi.org/10.17510/wacana.v19i1.615
Ku, J. Y. (2014). Korean Honorifics: A Case Study Analysis of Korean Speech Levels in Naturally Occurring Conversations. The Australian National University.
Kuntarto, E. (2018). Bahasa dan Kekuasaan Politik Oposan di Indonesia: Analisis Wacana Kritis. Jurnal Kiprah, 2, 37–47.
Kusumaningrum, W. R. (2016). Deixis Analysis on Indonesian Shakespeare’s Comics Strip of Julius caesar. Transformatika, 12(2), 73–82. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000238666
Liddicoat, A. J. (2006). Learning the Culture of Interpersonal Relationships: Students’ Understandings of Personal Address Forms in French. Intercultural Pragmatics, 3(1), 55–80. https://doi.org/10.1515/IP.2006.003
Lin, L. (2010). An Investigation of Students‟ Face Wants in Chinese English Teachers‟ Classroom Feedback. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 1(1), 29–34.
Mahmud, M. (2013). The roles of social status, age, gender, familiarity, and situation in being polite for bugis society. Asian Social Science, 9(5), 58–72. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v9n5p58
Mayring, P. (2000). Qualitative Content Analysis. In Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung (Vol. 1). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1479-3709(07)11003-7
Mccready, E. (2014). A Semantics for Honorifics with Reference to Thai. 28th Pacific Asia Conference on Language, Information and Computation, 503–512.
Metasari, D. (2013). Appraisal System in the Jakarta Post’s Editorial “Start Working, Jokowi.” Dian Nuswantoro University.
Mislikhah, S. (2014). Kesantunan Berbahasa. Ar-Raniry: International Journal of Islamic Studies, 1(2), 285--296.
Muljono. (1997). Honorifik di- dalam Percakapan. Humaniora, VI, 76–81.
Nurhayati, E. (2015). Sistem Sapaan Dalam Wayang Kulit. Diksi, 15(2), 137–148. https://doi.org/10.21831/diksi.v15i2.6602
Ogiermann, E. (2009). On Apologising in Negative and Positive Politeness Cultures. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2012.01.007
Okamoto, S. (1999). Situated politeness: Manipulating honorific and non-honorific expressions in Japanese conversations. Pragmatics, 9(1), 51–74. https://doi.org/10.1075/prag.9.1.05oka
Pranowo. (2020). Perspektif Masyarakat Jawa terhadap Pemakaian Bahasa Nonverbal: Studi Kasus Etnopragmatik. Litera, 19(1), 52–71.
Pusat Bahasa. (2008). Kamus Bahasa Indonesia (D. Sugono, Ed.). Jakarta: Pusat Bahasa Departemen Pendidikan Nasional.
Rahardi, R. K. (2012). Imperatif dalam Bahasa Indonesia: Penanda-Penanda Kesantunan Linguistiknya. Humaniora, 11(2), 16–23. https://doi.org/10.22146/jh.v11i2.658
Rahayu, E. T. (2014). Comparison of Honorific Language in Javanese and Japanese Speech Community. International Journal on Studies in English Language and Literature (IJSELL), 2(7), 140–146.
Rinaldo, Z. A. (2016). Positive-Self and Negative Other Presentation in the 2016 U.S. Presidential Announcement Speeches: A Critical Discourse Analysis. Tell-Us Journal, 2(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.22202/tus.2016.v2i1.1333
Said, D.M, M. I. (1985). Subsistem Honorifik Bahasa Bugis: Sebuah Kajian Sosiopragmatik. Linguistik Indonesia, 3(6), 46–59.
Saifudin, A. (2019). Teori Tindak Tutur dalam Studi Linguistik Pragmatik. LITE: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra Dan Budaya, 15(1–16).
Santana, L., Yassi, A. H., Machmoed, H. A., & Makkah, M. (2017). Self-Reference in Honorific of Sasak Speech Community: Sociolinguistics-Pragmatics. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 6(11), 728–734. https://doi.org/10.21275/ART20177774
Setiawan, T. (2014). Ancangan Awal Praktik Analisis Wacana Kritis. Diksi, 22(2), 111–120.
Setyawan, B. W. (2018). Fenomena Penggunaan Unggah-Ungguh Basa Jawa Kalangan Siswa SMK di Surakarta. Widyapawra, 46(2), 145–156.
Shirado, T., Marumoto, S., Murata, M., & Isahara, H. (2011). System for flexibly judging the misuse of honorifics in Japanese. PACLIC 25 - Proceedings of the 25th Pacific Asia Conference on Language, Information and Computation, (2007), 503–510.
Sofyan, N. (2014). Bahasa sebagai Simbolisasi Mempertahankan Kekuasaan. Jurnal Interaksi, III(1), 75–84.
Stapleton, A. (2017). Deixis in Modern Linguistics. Essex Student Research Online, 9, 1–9.
Stria, I. (2016). Inventing Languages, Inventing Worlds: Towards a Linguistic Worldview for Artificial Languages. https://doi.org/10.14746/9788394760915*
Suhandra, I. R. (2014). Sapaan dan Honorifik. Society: Jurnal Jurusan Pendidikan IPS Ekonomi, XI, 99–115.
Susanti, R., & Agustini, D. (2017). Ungkapan Fatis Pembuka dan Penutup Percakapan Masyarakat Jawa di Surakarta. LEKSEMA: Jurnal Bahasa Dan Sastra, 2(1), 37–49. https://doi.org/10.22515/ljbs.v2i1.654
Triana, P. M., & Zamzani. (2019). Power Representation in the Grammatical Form of Teacher’s Speech Acts in Indonesian Language Learning. Lensa: Kajian Kebahasaan, Kesusastraan, Dan Budaya, 9(1), 77–89. https://doi.org/10.26714/lensa.9.1.2019.77-89
Uman, A. K. (2013). Citra diri Pemimpin. Nizham, 1(1), 68–82. Retrieved from http://repositorio.unan.edu.ni/2986/1/5624.pdf
Wahyudi. (2014). Pragmatics Study on Deixis in the Jakarta Post Editorial. Jurnal Penelitian Humaniora, 15(2), 111–120.
Wajdi, M. (2012). Sistem Kesantunan Masyarakat Tutur Jawa. Seminar Nasional Bahasa Ibu (SNBI), 1–9.
Wardoyo, C. (2017). Positive Politeness on Strategies of Expressing Apologies by English Department Students of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. Buletin Al-Turas, 23(2), 367–380. https://doi.org/10.15408/bat.v23i2.5786
Zaman, M. N., Nababan, M. R., & Djatmika. (2018). Analisis Ungkapan Honorifik Mutlak dalam Mengakomodasi Sapaan dan Verba Keislaman pada Novel Karya Okky Madasari. Khazanah: Jurnal Studi Islam Dan Humaniora, 16(1), 125–142. https://doi.org/10.18592/khazanah.v16i1.2130
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with the International Journal of English Linguistics, Literature, and Education (IJELLE) agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
