Perencanaan dan Evaluasi Hidraulika Jaringan Distribusi Air Bersih Menggunakan EPANET pada Kawasan Industri Medan Deli, Sumatera Utara

Abstract

The Medan Deli Industrial Estate requires a clean water distribution system capable of supplying tenants with adequate flow and pressure. This study aims to calculate the water demand of 42 tenants, design the Main Distribution Network (JDU) and Secondary Distribution Network (JDB), and evaluate pressure, flow velocity, and energy loss using EPANET 2.2. A quantitative approach was applied through water-demand data verification, network layout preparation using AutoCAD 2020, hydraulic model development, and simulation-result evaluation. The water demand within the study area was 486,320 m³/month, equivalent to an average flow rate of 187.62 L/s based on an operating period of 30 days per month and 24 hours per day. The JDU was designed using nominal HDPE pipe diameters of 600, 500, and 300 mm with a total length of 2,750 m, while the JDB used nominal diameters of 300 and 200 mm with a total length of 2,661.80 m. The simulation results showed that pressures at all junctions ranged from 21.11 to 29.93 m, with no negative pressure. However, several pipe sections exhibited very low velocities, high velocities, or extreme unit headloss values, indicating the need for input verification and pipe-diameter optimization. The system includes two reservoirs, each with a capacity of 1,500 m³, and a distribution pump with a design head of 30 m. The proposed network configuration maintained positive pressure at all service points, although data verification, optimization of problematic pipe sections, and re-simulation are required before implementation.

Keywords: Clean water distribution network; EPANET; Hydraulic analysis; Industrial area; Reservoir