Studi Analisis Pemikiran Muhammad Abduh tentang Modernitas Beragama dan Pembaharuan Pendidikan Islam

Abstract

This research seeks to examine Muhammad Abduh’s perspectives on religious
modernity and the renewal of Islamic education as an effort to overcome the
intellectual and social stagnation faced by Muslims from the 19th century up to
the present time. The study adopts a qualitative descriptive method using a
library research approach, drawing on primary references from Abduh’s own
writings such as Risalah al-Tauhid and Tafsir al-Manar, alongside secondary
sources from scholarly books and academic journals. The results indicate that
Abduh prioritized the role of rational thinking, the revitalization of ijtihad, the
harmonization of religious sciences with modern knowledge, and the structural
reform of educational institutions. For Abduh, modernity does not involve
copying Western civilization blindly, but rather harmonizing Islamic teachings
with contemporary realities through reasoned and contextual interpretation. His
reformist ideas continue to hold strong relevance today, especially in curriculum
development, pedagogical innovation, educational governance, and the
cultivation of learners’ moral character in the era of globalization. Consequently,
Abduh’s intellectual legacy serves as a pivotal framework for shaping an Islamic
education model that is dynamic, balanced, and forward-looking.