Consonant Production of an American-English Native Speaker from 3 to 6 Years Old: A Case Study on a Child named Brielle

Authors

  • Aghnia Dianah Anwar Gadjah Mada University
  • Tofan Dwi Hardjanto Gadjah Mada University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32585/ijelle.v4i1.2527

Keywords:

child, phonological development, speech sound

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Children’s phonological development is somewhat foreseeable, yet there are certain sounds that appear at different ages across children. However, there are some general guidelines which can be used to analyze the phonological development of a child. This study aims to examine the phonological development process of an American English native speaker named Brielle in producing consonants from the age of three to six using the speech sound development milestones provided by Sander (1972). The data are taken from youtube videos of Brielle when appearing on an American talkshow called “The Ellen Show”. A descriptive qualitative method is used in this study to elaborate the phonological development of Brielle. The result shows that Brielle completed her phonological development at the age of six. It can also be concluded from the study that some consonants appear earlier or later thatn the phonological development milestones set by Sander (1972). During the process of acquiring consonants, she replaced the consonant which she could not produce with another sound with similar features, such as replacing the liquid sound /l/ with the glide sound /j/.

References

Carr, Philip. (1999). English Phonetics and Phonology: An Introduction. Oxford:

Blackwell.

Cohen, W., Anderson, C. (2011). “Identification of Phonological Processes in

Preschool Children’s Single-word”. International Journal of Language &

Communication Disorders Vol. 00, No. 00, Pages 1–8.

Dodd, B., Holm, A., Hua, Z. & Crosbie, S. (2003). “Phonological Development: A

Normative Study of British English-speaking Children”. Clinical Linguistics

& Phonetics.

Hayes, B. (2009). Introductory Phonology. Chapter 4, Features. Wiley-Blackwell.

Katamba, F. (1989). An Introduction to Phonology. New York: Addison Wesley

Longman Publishing.

Marecka, M., Wrembel, M., Zembrzuski, D., Otwinowska-Kasztelanic, A. (2015).

“Phonological Development in the Home Language among Early PolishEnglish Bilinguals”. The Scottish Consortium for ICPhS 2015 (Ed.),

Proceedings of the 18th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences.

Glasgow, UK: the University of Glasgow.

Owaida, Husen. (2015). “Speech Sound Acquisition and Phonological Error Patterns

in Child Speakers of Syrian Arabic: A Normative Study”. Unpublished

Doctoral thesis: City University London.

Partanen E, Kujala T, Tervaniemi M, Huotilainen M. (2013). Prenatal Music

Exposure Induces Long-Term Neural Effects. PLoS ONE 8(10): e78946.

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0078946.

Sander, E. K. (1972). “When are Speech Sounds Learned?” Journal of Speech and

Hearing Disorders, 37(1), 55–63.

Stemberger, J.P. (1989). “Speech Errors in Early Child Language Production”.

Journal of Memory and Language Vol. 28, Issue 2, Pages 164-188.

Templin, M. (1957). Certain language skills in children: Their development and

interrelationships. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.

Vihman, M. M. (1996). Applied language studies. Phonological development: The

origins of language in the child. Malden: Blackwell Publishing.

Wellman, B.L., Case, I.M., Mengert, I.G., and Bradbury, D.E. (1931). Speech

Sounds of Young Children. Univ. Iowa Stud. Child Welf.

Downloads

Published

2022-06-30

How to Cite

Anwar, A. D., & Hardjanto, T. D. (2022). Consonant Production of an American-English Native Speaker from 3 to 6 Years Old: A Case Study on a Child named Brielle. International Journal of English Linguistics, Literature, and Education (IJELLE), 4(1), 38–49. https://doi.org/10.32585/ijelle.v4i1.2527

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022)

Section

Artikel

License

Copyright (c) 2022 Aghnia Dianah Anwar, Tofan Dwi Hardjanto

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with the International Journal of English Linguistics, Literature, and Education (IJELLE) agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. 
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.