KAJIAN UMUR DAN MEDIA PEMBERSIHAN TELUR TERHADAP KUALITAS PENETASAN AYAM KAMPUNG

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui waktu optimal penyimpanan telur tetas dan media pembersihan telur terhadap berat tetas dan daya tetas ayam kampung. Materi penelitian menggunakan telur tetas sebanyak 180 butir. Design percobaan menggunakan RAL pola faktorial, faktor pertama adalah faktor umur telur tetas, terdiri dari  umur 3 hari (A1), umur 6 hari (A2), dan umur 9 hari (A3). Faktor kedua adalah media pembersihan telur tetas, terdiri dari media pembersihan dengan  alkohol 70 % (B1) dan dengan air hangat 60 ^o C (B2), masing-masing kombinasi perlakuan di ulang sebanyak 2 kali. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial. Bilamana terdapat perbedaan, di lanjutkan dengan uji Duncan’t Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa umur telur berpengaruh secara nyata  terhadap berat tetas ayam kampung, dengan rata-rata nilai berat tetas dicapai oleh perlakuan A2 (45,83 g) disusul kemudian oleh A1 (44,35 g) dan A3 (43,97 g), sedangkan media pembersihan telur menunjukkan berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap berat tetas ayam kampung. Rata-rata nilai berat telur pada perlakuan B1 dan B2  masing-masing sebesar 44,43 g dan 45,00 g. Tidak terdapat interaksi antara umur telur dan media pemberihan telur terhadap berat  tetas ayam kampung. Umur telur menunjukkan berpengaruh  sangat nyata terhadap daya tetas, dengan rata-rata daya tetas tertinggi pada perlakuan A1 (83,72 %) kemudian A2 (56,33 %) dan A3 (32,80 %), namun media pembersihan telur menunjukkan berpengaruh nyata terhadap daya tetas telur ayam kampung, rata-rata pada perlakuan B2 (62,64 %) dan B1 (52,59 %) adapun diantara umur telur dan media pembersihan telur tidak terdapat interaksi.  Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah umur telur berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap berat tetas dan daya tetas ayam kampung, sedangkan  media pembersihan telur berpengaruh nyata terhadap daya tetas dan berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap berat tetas ayam kampung.       

Kata kunci: berat tetas, daya  tetas, media pembersihan, umur telur

Abstract

This research aims to determine the optimal storage time for hatching eggs and the media for cleaning eggs against hatching weight and hatchability of native chickens. This research material uses 180 hatching eggs. The experimental design used a factorial of completely randomized design, the first factor was the age of the hatching eggs, consisting of 3 days (A1), 6 days (A2), and 9 days (A3). The second factor is the media for cleaning hatching eggs, consisting of cleaning media with 70% alcohol (B1) and warm water at 60 o C (B2), each treatment combination is repeated 2 repetitions. The collected data were analyzed statistically using a factorial completely randomized design. If there are differences, continue with the Duncan't Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that egg age had a significant effect on the hatching weight of native chickens, with the average hatch weight value achieved by treatment A2 (45.83 g) followed by A1 (44.35 g) and A3 (43.97 g). , while the media for cleaning eggs showed no significant effect on the hatching weight of native chickens. The average egg weight values in treatment B1 and B2 were 44.43 g and 45.00 g, respectively. There is no interaction between egg age and egg feeding media on the hatching weight of native chickens. Egg age showed a very significant effect on hatchability, with the highest average hatchability in treatment A1 (83.72%) then A2 (56.33%) and A3 (32.80%), but the media for cleaning eggs showed a significant effect. on the hatchability of native chicken eggs, the average treatment was B2 (62.64%) and B1 (52.59%), while there was no interaction between the age of the eggs and the media for cleaning the eggs. The conclusion of this study was that egg age had a very significant effect on hatching weight and hatchability of native chickens, while the media for cleaning eggs had a significant effect on hatchability and had no significant effect on hatching weight of native chickens.

Keywords: hatch weight, hatchability, cleaning medium, egg age