Vietnamese Generation-Z Teachers’ Professional Identity Development: A Positioning-Theoretical Collaborative Trio-Narrative Inquiry
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32585/jurnalkomdik.v10i1.7857Keywords:
Teacher Professional Identity, Positioning Theory, Narrative Inquiry, English-as-a-Foreign-Language, Generation-Z TeacherAbstract
In the context of rapid educational transformation and increasing demands in English language teaching, teacher professional identity has become central to how teachers interpret experiences and sustain professional engagement. However, limited research has examined how such identities are co-constructed through the collaborative narratives. Addressing this gap, this study explores how Vietnamese Generation-Z English-as-a-Foreign-Language teachers construct and negotiate their professional identities through collaborative narrative interactions. Grounded in a post-structuralist perspective and informed by Positioning Theory, the study conceptualizes teacher identity as discursively produced and contextually negotiated through storytelling. Employing a collaborative trio-narrative inquiry design, data were generated through individual narrative interviews, group narrative conversations, and reflective journals with these three teachers. A theme-based narrative analysis, guided by Clandinin and Connelly’s three-dimensional framework and Positioning Theory, was systematically conducted. Findings revealed that participants’ identities developed through reflexive interpretations of past experiences, interactive negotiations in present teaching practices, and future-oriented projections of their possible selves. These identity (re)constructions were further embedded within a moral order characterized by personal affection, responsibility, and professional commitment. The study itself contributes to teacher identity research by foregrounding collaborative meaning-making and processes of self- and other-positioning. Pedagogical implications are offered for teacher education and continuing professional development, alongside acknowledged limitations and directions for future research.
Downloads
References
Alam, M. R., Islam, M. S., Ansarey, D., Rana, M. M., Milon, M. R. K., Halim, H. A., ... & Rashid, A. (2024). Unveiling the professional identity construction of in-service university English language teachers: Evidence from Bangladesh. Ampersand, 12, 100178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amper.2024.100178
Bao, J., & Feng, D. W. (2023). When teaching and research are misaligned: Unraveling a university EFL teacher’s identity tensions and renegotiations. System, 118, 103149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2023.103149
Beauchamp, C. & Thomas, L. (2009). Understanding teacher identity: An overview of issues in the literature and implications for teacher education. Cambridge Journal of Education, 39, 175-189. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057640902902252
Clandinin, D. J., & Connelly, F. M. (2022). Narrative inquiry: Experience and story in qualitative research. Routledge.
Clandinin, D. J., Connelly, F. M., & Phelan, A. M. (2000). Shaping a professional identity: Stories of educational practice. Alberta Journal of Educational Research, 46(3), 288-290. https://doi.org/10.11575/ajer.v46i3.54823
Davies, B., & Harré, R. (1990). Positioning: The discursive production of selves. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 20(1), 43-63.
Dimitrieska, V. (2024). Language teacher identity construction: Reflective conversation. Journal of Language, Identity & Education, 23(5), 771-786. https://doi.org/10.1080/15348458.2022.2054418
Harre, R. (2012). Positioning theory: Moral dimensions of social-cultural psychology. The Oxford handbook of culture and psychology, 1, 191-206.
Harre, R., & Van Langenhove, L. (1999). Positioning theory (pp. 32-52). Blackwell: Oxford.
Herrera, L. J. P., & Martínez-Alba, G. (2022). Emotions, well-being, and language teacher identity development in an EFL teacher preparation program. Korea TESOL Journal, 18(1), 1-25. https://luispenton.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/penton-herrera-martinez-alba-2022.pdf
Ismail, S. M., Patra, I., Yang, H., & Ajanil, B. (2023). Language teacher psychological well-being: an insight into the impacts of emotion regulation, reflective teaching, self-efficacy, and identity in an EFL context. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 8(1), 44. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-023-00215-3
Jiang, L., Yuan, K., & Yu, S. (2021). Transitioning from pre-service to novice: A study on Macau EFL teachers’ identity change. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 30(1), 11-21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-020-00510-4
Li, W. (2022). Unpacking the complexities of teacher identity: Narratives of two Chinese teachers of English in China. Language Teaching Research, 26(4), 579-597. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168820910955
Li, X. (2023). A theoretical review on the interplay among EFL teachers’ professional identity, agency, and positioning. Heliyon, 9(4).
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry (1st ed.). Sage.
Mansouri, B. (2021). Understanding EFL teachers’ identity construction in a private language school: A positioning analysis. Tesl-Ej, 25(2), n2. https://tesl-ej.org/pdf/ej98/a3.pdf
Mehdizadeh, M., Pourhaji, M., & Derakhshan, A. (2024). Evolution of communities of practice, realignment of possible selves, and repositionings in EFL teacher professional identity development: A longitudinal case study. The Language Learning Journal, 52(3), 336-348. https://doi.org/10.1080/09571736.2022.2163685
Meihami, H. (2025). Exploring the role of professional learning community in EFL student-teachers’ imagined identity development. Journal of Language, Identity & Education, 24(4), 807-824. https://doi.org/10.1080/15348458.2023.2193336
Moradkhani, S., & Ebadijalal, M. (2024). Professional identity development of Iranian EFL teachers: Workplace conflicts and identity fluctuations. Journal of Language, Identity & Education, 23(2), 256-270. https://doi.org/10.1080/15348458.2021.1988605
Ngo, N. H. H., & Trinh, L. Q. (2025). Constructing research identity among Vietnamese EFL lecturers: A phenomenological study. Educational Process: International Journal, 14, e2025060. https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2025.14.60
Nguyen, M. H., & Ngo, X. M. (2025). An activity theory perspective on Vietnamese preservice English teachers’ identity construction in relation to tensions, emotion and agency. Language Teaching Research, 29(8), 3486-3506. https://doi.org/10.1177/13621688221151046
Nguyen, T. M. H., Phan, D. Q., & Le, D. M. (2020). Teachers’ professional learning in the context of language education reforms. In V. C. Le, T. M. H. Nguyen, T. T. M. Nguyen, & R. Barnard (Eds.), Building teacher capacity in English language teaching in Vietnam: Research, policy and practice (1st ed., pp. 80-98). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429457371
Pham, C. H. (2024). Narrative inquiry. In H. P. Bui (Ed.), Applied linguistics and language education research methods: Fundamentals and innovations (pp. 150–163). IGI Global.
Phan, N. H., & Tran, Q. H. (2025). “Beyond a thesis”: A duo-narrative inquiry into possible selves of Generation-Z EFL teachers in graduate education. Applied Research on English Language, 14(4), 45–76. https://doi.org/10.22108/are.2025.145699.2543
Pishghadam, R., Golzar, J., & Miri, M. A. (2022). A new conceptual framework for teacher identity development. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 876395. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.876395
Ren, B., & Pan, X. (2025). Understanding EFL teacher identity and identity tensions in a Chinese university context. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 35(1), 363-379. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijal.12622
Sedanza, M. A., Correos, C. T. C., Sebial, M. U., Villar, S. P., Combista, L. I., & Samson, G. A. (2023). Teacher beliefs and practices in English language teaching: A gen-Z perspective. International Journal of Research Publications, 126(1), 186-200.
Trinh, Q. L., Phan, N. H., & Le, C. T. (2025). Examining teacher-researcher identity construction of a novice teacher from dialogical perspectives. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 12, 102025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.102025
Ustuk, O. (2025). Drama-in-teacher-education: A metaxical approach for juxtaposing EFL teacher identity and tensions. Language Teaching Research, 29(8), 3548-3566. https://doi.org/10.1177/13621688221118644
Wang, F., Guo, J., Wu, B., & Lin, Z. (2021). “It is utterly out of my expectation” A case inquiry of teacher identity of an EFL teacher in a Chinese shadow school setting. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 760161. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.760161
Wang, P. (2021). Too many constraints: Five first-year EFL teachers’ professional identity construction. European Journal of Teacher Education, 44(2), 180-199. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2020.1758662
Wu, X. (2022). A longitudinal study of EFL teacher agency and sustainable identity development: A positioning theory perspective. Sustainability, 15(1), 48-62. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15010048
Yan, Y., Bava Harji, M., & Kannan, S. (2024). English teacher identity measure: Development and validation in a Chinese EFL context. Cogent Education, 11(1), 2293983. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2023.2293983
Yazan, B. (2023). A conceptual framework to understand language teacher identities. Second Language Teacher Education, 1(2), 185-208. https://doi.org/10.1558/slte.24908
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Phan Nhat Hao, Truang Huy Hoang, Truong Thai Thanh Tam

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with the Jurnal Komunikasi Pendidikan agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.